![]() ![]() Implemented in DOS kernel and various programs (PRINT, MSCDEX, DOSKEY, APPEND, etc.) depending on subfunction number Implemented by the built-in console device driver or a replacement driver like ANSI.SYSĬalled by DOS kernel to interface with networking software Implemented in COMMAND.COM in DOS 1.0, DOS kernel in DOS 2.0+Ĭalled by DOS kernel when waiting for input ![]() Implemented in DOS kernel, enhanced in DOS 3.31 to support up to 2 GB partitions The following is the list of interrupt vectors used by programs to invoke the DOS API functions.ĭefault handler is in the command shell (usually COMMAND.COM) DOSEMU for Linux uses a similar approach. NTVDM works by running a DOS program in virtual 8086 mode (an emulation of real mode within protected mode available on 80386 and higher processors). Windows XP and Windows Vista) are not based on MS-DOS, but use a virtual machine, NTVDM, to handle the DOS API. Windows NT and the systems based on it (e.g. ![]() Windows 98 and Windows ME also implement the MS-DOS 7.1 API, though Windows ME reports itself as MS-DOS 8.0. With Windows 95 OSR2, DOS was updated to 7.1, which added FAT32 support, and functions were added to the DOS API to support this. The DOS API was extended with enhanced internationalization support and long filename support, though the long filename support was only available in a VDM. DOS was usually accessed from a virtual DOS machine (VDM) but it was also possible to boot directly to real mode MS-DOS 7.0 without loading Windows. In Windows 9x, DOS loaded the protected-mode system and graphical shell. After MS-DOS 5, the DOS API was unchanged for the successive standalone releases of DOS. MS-DOS 5 added support for using upper memory blocks (UMBs). In MS-DOS 3.31, the INT 25h/26h functions were enhanced to support hard disks greater than 32 MB. In DOS 3.1, network redirector support was added. The DOS API was greatly extended in MS-DOS 2.0 with several Unix concepts, including file access using file handles, hierarchical directories and device I/O control. Files were accessed using file control blocks (FCBs). The original DOS API in 86-DOS and MS-DOS 1.0 was designed to be functionally compatible with CP/M.
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